Effect of iron on rat serum melatonin levels under different light/dark cycle patterns
Iron and serum melatonin
Keywords:
Melatonin, photoperiod, iron, light/dark cycle, oxidative stress, circadian rhythm
Abstract
Exposure to constant light or darkness for long periods has diverse effects on circadian physiology. Iron (Fe) overloading promotes oxidative stress and causes alterations in cellular structure and function in animals and humans. The aim of this study is to evaluate the interactions among serum melatonin (ML), photoperiod manipulation, and Fe overloading in rats. The results showed that constant darkness exposure for 15 days significantly increased serum ML levels (up to 22%) while the constant light exposure failed to reduce the serum ML level compared to the normal light/dark cycle treated rats. The lost serum ML level usually from the pineal gland under the long term of constant light exposure may be compensated by ML generated by other organs which adapted to the situation. Also, Fe overloading decreased ML production due to this molecule being consumed to scavenge the free radicals induced by the Fe overloading. In addition, we observed interactions among constant light or darkness exposure, Fe overloading and serum ML level. Overall, our results support the hypothesis of ML as scavenging molecule; it may be an effective therapeutic tool in iron-induced oxidative stress.
References
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3. Pandi-Perumal SR, Srinivasan V, Maestroni GJM, Cardinali DP, Poeggeler B, Hardeland R (2006) Melatonin-Nature’s most versatile biological signal? FEBS J. 273: 2813-2838.
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6. Naguib N, Gottumukkala V, Goldstein PA (2007) Melatonin and anesthesia: a clinical perspective. J. Pineal Res. 42: 12-21.
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9. Arendt J, Skene DJ (2005) Melatonin as a chronobiotic. Sleep Med. Rev. 9: 25-39.
10. Bello-Caraballo N, Cogo Pagella J, Iodice O, Cervino CO (2018) Efectos de la combinación de melatonina con clorhidrato de ketamina sobre regímenes estándar de anestesia en ratas. Rev. Argent. Anestesiol. 76: 75-84.
11. Huether G (1993) The contribution of extrapineal sites of melatonin synthesis to circulating melatonin levels in higher vertebrates. Experientia 49 (8): 665-70. doi: 10.1007/BF01923948.
12. Kvetnoy I (1999) Extrapineal melatonin: location and role within diffuse neuroendocrine system. Histochem. J. 31: 1–12.
13. Acuña-Castroviejo D, Escames G, Venegas C, Diaz‑Casado ME, Lima‑Cabello E, Lopez LC, Rosales-Corral S, Tan DX, Reiter RJ (2014) Extrapineal melatonin: sources, regulation, and potential functions. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 71: 2997-3025.
14. Raikhlin NT, Kvetnoy IM, Tolkachev VN (1975) Melatonin may be synthesized in enterochromaffin cells. Nature 255: 344–345.
15. Bubenik GA, Pang SF, Hacker RR, Smith PS (1996) Melatonin concentrations in serum and tissues of porcine gastrointestinal tract and their relationship to the intake and passage of food. J. Pineal Res. 21: 251–256.
16. Vician M, Zeman M, Herichova I, Jurani M, Blazicek P, Matis P (1999) Melatonin content in plasma and large intestine of patients with colorectal carcinoma before and after surgery. J. Pineal Res. 27: 164–169.
17. Sanchez-Hidalgo M, de la Lastra CA, Carrascosa-Salmoral MP, Naranjo MC, Gomez-Corvera A, Caballero B, Guerrero JM (2009) Age-related changes in melatonin synthesis in rat extrapineal tissues. Exp. Gerontol. 44: 328–334.
18. Garcia JJ, Lopez-Pingarron L, Almeida-Souza P, Tres A, Escudero P, Garcia-Gil FA, Tan DX, Reiter RJ, Ramirez JM, Bernal-Perez M (2014) Protective effects of melatonin in reducing oxidative stress and in preserving the fluidity of biological membranes: a review. J. Pineal Res. 56: 225-237.
19. Reiter RJ, Tan DX, Mayo JC, Sainz RM, Leon J, Czarnocki Z (2003) Melatonin as an antioxidant: biochemical mechanisms and pathophysiological implications in humans. Acta Biochim. Pol. 50: 1129-1146.
20. Acuña-Castroviejo D, Escames G, Rodriguez MI, Lopez LC (2007) Melatonin role in the mitocondrial function. Front. Biosci. 12: 947-963.
21. Skulachev VP (2009) New data on biochemical mechanism of programmed senescence of organisms and antioxidant defense of mitochondria. Biochemistry-Moscow 74: 1400-1403.
22. Süzen S, Atayik MC, Sirinzade H, Entezari B, Gurer-Orhan H, Cakatay U (2022) Melatonin and redox homeostasis. Melatonin Res. 5 (3): 304-324. doi:https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.32794/mr112500134.
23. Häubner N, Sylvander P, Vuori K, Snoeijs P (2014) Abiotic stress modifies the synthesis of alpha-tocopherol and beta-carotene in phytoplankton species. J. Phycol. 50: 753–759. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpy.12198
24. Cervino CO, Hernando M (2015) La melatonina como agente antioxidante: análisis de estrés oxidativo en un modelo animal con exposición al hiero. Rev. de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales (UM) 13: 89-103.
25. Piloni NE, Reiteri M, Hernando MP, Cervino CO, Puntarulo S (2017) Differential effect of acute iron overload on oxidative status and antioxidant content in regions of rat brain. Toxicol. Pathol. 45: 1067-1076.
26. Hernando M, Iodice O, Cervino CO (2019) Preacondicionamiento con hierro: efecto sobre la respuesta oxidativa en cerebro de ratas. Rev. Investigaciones Científicas de la Univ. de Morón 4: 37-49.
27. Hernando M, Piloni NE, Cervino CO, Puntarulo S (2019) Chapter 4.The role of melatonin on intracellular oxidative stress. Interaction with Fe-overload. Advances in Medicine and Biology, ed. Berhardt LV (Nova Science Publishers Inc, New York), pp. 63-84.
28. Galleano M, Puntarulo S (1994) Effect of mild iron overload on liver and kidney lipid peroxidation. Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res. 27: 2349–2358.
29. Puntarulo S (2005) Iron, oxidative stress and human health. Mol. Asp. Med. 26: 299-312.
30. Fahn S, Cohen G (1992) The oxidant stress hypothesis in Parkinson's disease: evidence supporting it. Ann. Neurol. 32: 804-812.
31. Halliwell B, Gutteridge JM (1992) Biologically relevant metal ion-dependent hydroxyl radical generation. An update. FEBS Lett. 307: 108-112.
32. Halliwell B, Gutteridge JMC (1984) Oxygen toxicity, oxygen radicals, transition metals and disease. Biochem. J. 219: 1–14.
33. Fraga CG, Oteiza PI (2002) Iron toxicity and antioxidant nutrients. Toxicology 180: 23-32.
34. Hirschhorn T, Stockwell BR (2019) The Development of the concept of ferroptosis. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 133: 130–143. doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.09.043.
35. Ren J-X, Sun X, Yan X-L, Guo Z-N and Yang Y (2020) Ferroptosis in neurological diseases. Front. Cell. Neurosci. 14: 218. doi: 10.3389/fncel.2020.00218
36. Limson J, Nyokong T, Daya S (1998) The interaction of melatonin and its precursors with aluminium, cadmium, copper, iron, lead, and zinc: an adsorptive voltammetric study. J. Pineal Res. 24: 15–21.
37. Gulcin I, Buyukokuroglu ME, Kufrevioglu OI (2003) Metal chelating and hydrogen peroxide scavenging effects of melatonin. J. Pineal Res. 34: 278-281.
38. González PL, Piloni NE, Puntarulo S (2012) Iron overload and lipid peroxidation in biological systems. Lipid Peroxidation, ed. Catala A. (IntechOpen) pp. 89-109. https://doi.org/10.5772/2929.
39. Galleano M, Puntarulo S (1995) Role of antioxidants on the erythrocytes resistance to lipid peroxidation after acute iron overload in rats. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1271: 321-326.
40. Pablos MI, Agapito MT, Recio JM, Pérez-Gallardo L, Córdova MD, Mori JO (1993) Effect of iron and estrogen on melatonin secretion by the chicken pineal gland. Neurosci. Lett. 159: 211-214.
41. Hayter CL, Bishop GM, Robinson SR (2004) Pharmacological but not physiological concentrations of melatonin reduce iron-induced neuronal death in rat cerebral cortex. Neurosci. Lett. 362: 182-184.
42. Romero A, Ramos E, de Los Ríos C, Egea J, Del Pino J, Reiter RJ (2014) A review of metal-catalyzed molecular damage: protection by melatonin. J. Pineal Res. 56: 343-370.
43. Mantovani M, Kaster MP, Pertile R, Calixto JB, Rodrigues AL, Santos AR (2006) Mechanisms involved in the antinociception caused by melatonin in mice. J. Pineal Res. 41 (4): 382-389. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-079X.2006.00380.x.
44. Ayer RE, Sugawara T, Chen W, Tong W, Zhang JH (2008) Melatonin decreases mortality following severe subarachnoid hemorrhage. J. Pineal Res. 44 (2): 197-204. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-079X.2007.00508.x.
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Published
2023-06-30
How to Cite
[1]
Cogo Pagella, J., Hernando, M. and Cervino, C. 2023. Effect of iron on rat serum melatonin levels under different light/dark cycle patterns. Melatonin Research. 6, 2 (Jun. 2023), 148-160. DOI:https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.32794/mr112500146.
Section
Research Articles
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